src/app/AnomalySaveDialog.cpp

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ AnomalySaveDialog::AnomalySaveDialog(const QString& screenshotPath, int shotW, i
     form->addRow(formkit::editLabel(QStringLiteral("名称")), name_);
 
     type_ = new EmptyAwareComboBox();
+    type_->setPlaceholderText(QStringLiteral("请选择异常类型"));  // 空(如该形态平台无类型)时显灰占位+「暂无数据」
     formkit::capField(type_);
     form->addRow(formkit::editLabel(QStringLiteral("异常类型")), type_);
     // 选中类型变化 → 拉其平台样式(legend)，使保存的异常按平台类型样式渲染。
@@ -89,9 +90,9 @@ void AnomalySaveDialog::loadStyleForCurrent() {
     const QString typeId = type_->currentData().toString();
     if (typeId.isEmpty()) return;
     QPointer<AnomalySaveDialog> self(this);
-    cmdRepo_->getExceptionTypeDetail(typeId, [self](bool ok, QJsonObject data, const QString&) {
+    cmdRepo_->getExceptionTypeDetail(typeId, [self](bool ok, QJsonObject detail, const QString&) {
         if (!self || !ok) return;
-        const QJsonObject lg = data.value(QStringLiteral("legend")).toObject();
+        const QJsonObject lg = detail.value(QStringLiteral("legend")).toObject();
         // 按形态(1点/2线/3面)从 legend 派生样式：点用 pointColor；线/面用 polyline*。
         if (self->remarkSourceType_ == 1) {
             self->styleColor_ = lg.value(QStringLiteral("pointColor")).toString();

src/app/SliceExport.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
 #include "SliceExport.hpp"
 
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <fstream>
 
+#include <QColor>
+#include <QImage>
+#include <QPainter>
+#include <QPainterPath>
+#include <QPainterPathStroker>
+#include <QPointF>
+#include <QPolygonF>
+#include <QRect>
+
 #include <vtkCamera.h>
 #include <vtkDataArray.h>
 #include <vtkImageData.h>
@@ -106,6 +117,107 @@ bool captureFramedRegionPng(vtkRenderWindow* win, const double regionBounds[6],
     return ok;
 }
 
+bool captureAnomalyShotFromSlice(vtkImageData* colorImg, const double o[3], const double p1[3],
+                                 const double p2[3],
+                                 const std::vector<std::array<double, 3>>& worldPts, int markType,
+                                 const std::string& outlineHex, const std::string& path, int& outW,
+                                 int& outH) {
+    outW = outH = 0;
+    if (colorImg == nullptr || worldPts.empty() || path.empty()) return false;
+    int dims[3];
+    colorImg->GetDimensions(dims);
+    const int nx = dims[0], ny = dims[1];
+    if (nx < 2 || ny < 2) return false;
+
+    // 平面两轴(image i↔e1=p1-o, j↔e2=p2-o)；世界点 → 归一(u,v) → 像素(QImage 顶左原点,需翻 j)。
+    const double e1[3] = {p1[0] - o[0], p1[1] - o[1], p1[2] - o[2]};
+    const double e2[3] = {p2[0] - o[0], p2[1] - o[1], p2[2] - o[2]};
+    const double L1 = e1[0] * e1[0] + e1[1] * e1[1] + e1[2] * e1[2];
+    const double L2 = e2[0] * e2[0] + e2[1] * e2[1] + e2[2] * e2[2];
+    if (L1 < 1e-12 || L2 < 1e-12) return false;
+    QPolygonF poly;
+    poly.reserve(static_cast<int>(worldPts.size()));
+    for (const auto& P : worldPts) {
+        const double d[3] = {P[0] - o[0], P[1] - o[1], P[2] - o[2]};
+        const double u = (d[0] * e1[0] + d[1] * e1[1] + d[2] * e1[2]) / L1;
+        const double v = (d[0] * e2[0] + d[1] * e2[1] + d[2] * e2[2]) / L2;
+        poly << QPointF(u * (nx - 1), (ny - 1) - v * (ny - 1));  // 翻 j 到 QImage 坐标
+    }
+
+    // 缓冲半径：异常包围盒对角的 15%，最小取图长边 4%（点/小异常也有可见外扩）。
+    const QRectF pb = poly.boundingRect();
+    const double diag = std::hypot(pb.width(), pb.height());
+    const double buffer = std::max(0.04 * std::max(nx, ny), 0.15 * diag);
+
+    // 按形态构 buffer 后的裁剪形状：点→圆、线→胶囊带、面→外扩多边形(填充 ∪ 描边)。
+    QPainterPath shape;
+    if (markType == 1 || poly.size() == 1) {
+        shape.addEllipse(poly.first(), buffer, buffer);
+    } else if (markType == 2) {
+        QPainterPath line;
+        line.moveTo(poly.first());
+        for (int i = 1; i < poly.size(); ++i) line.lineTo(poly[i]);
+        QPainterPathStroker st;
+        st.setWidth(2.0 * buffer);
+        st.setCapStyle(Qt::RoundCap);
+        st.setJoinStyle(Qt::RoundJoin);
+        shape = st.createStroke(line);
+    } else {
+        QPainterPath fill;
+        fill.addPolygon(poly);
+        fill.closeSubpath();
+        QPainterPath outline = fill;
+        QPainterPathStroker st;
+        st.setWidth(2.0 * buffer);
+        st.setJoinStyle(Qt::RoundJoin);
+        shape = fill.united(st.createStroke(outline));  // 向外扩 buffer
+    }
+
+    // 裁剪区 = 形状包围盒(夹到图内)。
+    const QRect crop = shape.boundingRect().toAlignedRect().intersected(QRect(0, 0, nx, ny));
+    if (crop.width() < 1 || crop.height() < 1) return false;
+
+    // 切片 RGB(vtk, j=0 在底) → QImage(顶左原点，翻行)。
+    QImage src(nx, ny, QImage::Format_RGB888);
+    for (int j = 0; j < ny; ++j) {
+        uchar* row = src.scanLine(ny - 1 - j);
+        for (int i = 0; i < nx; ++i) {
+            const auto* px = static_cast<unsigned char*>(colorImg->GetScalarPointer(i, j, 0));
+            row[i * 3] = px[0];
+            row[i * 3 + 1] = px[1];
+            row[i * 3 + 2] = px[2];
+        }
+    }
+
+    // 输出：buffer 形状内贴剖面像素(外透明)，再描异常轮廓。
+    QImage out(crop.size(), QImage::Format_ARGB32);
+    out.fill(Qt::transparent);
+    QPainter pr(&out);
+    pr.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, true);
+    pr.translate(-crop.topLeft());
+    pr.setClipPath(shape);
+    pr.drawImage(0, 0, src);
+    pr.setClipping(false);
+    QColor oc(QString::fromStdString(outlineHex));
+    if (!oc.isValid()) oc = QColor(255, 48, 48);
+    QPen pen(oc);
+    pen.setWidthF(2.0);
+    pr.setPen(pen);
+    pr.setBrush(Qt::NoBrush);
+    if (markType == 1 || poly.size() == 1)
+        pr.drawEllipse(poly.first(), 4.0, 4.0);  // 点：小标记
+    else if (markType == 2)
+        pr.drawPolyline(poly);
+    else
+        pr.drawPolygon(poly);
+    pr.end();
+
+    if (!out.save(QString::fromStdString(path), "PNG")) return false;
+    outW = out.width();
+    outH = out.height();
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool exportSliceDat(vtkImageData* slice, const std::string& path) {
     if (slice == nullptr || path.empty()) return false;
     vtkDataArray* arr = slice->GetPointData() ? slice->GetPointData()->GetScalars() : nullptr;

src/app/SliceExport.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <array>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 class vtkImageData;
 class vtkRenderWindow;
@@ -21,6 +23,17 @@ bool captureRenderWindowPng(vtkRenderWindow* win, const std::string& path, int&
 bool captureFramedRegionPng(vtkRenderWindow* win, const double regionBounds[6], double padFactor,
                             double minExtent, const std::string& path, int& outW, int& outH);
 
+// 异常截图（正确做法）：**只从切片那张 2D 剖面彩图**上，按异常几何**向外缓冲(buffer)一圈后裁剪**输出。
+//   业界范式 = GIS「几何缓冲 + 按掩膜裁剪栅格」：点→圆、线→胶囊带、面→外扩多边形；缓冲外透明。
+//   colorImg：selectedSliceColorImage() 的剖面 RGB 图；o/p1/p2：该切片平面三点(image i↔p1-o, j↔p2-o)；
+//   worldPts：异常顶点(世界系,落在该平面)；markType：1点/2线/3面；outlineHex：在裁图上描异常轮廓的颜色。
+//   成功返回 true，填回输出像素宽高。失败(无图/几何退化)返回 false，调用方可回退。
+bool captureAnomalyShotFromSlice(vtkImageData* colorImg, const double o[3], const double p1[3],
+                                 const double p2[3],
+                                 const std::vector<std::array<double, 3>>& worldPts, int markType,
+                                 const std::string& outlineHex, const std::string& path, int& outW,
+                                 int& outH);
+
 // 把切片重采样 2D 标量影像写为 .dat 文本网格（行=j、列=i，空格分隔，每格取标量首分量）；成功返回 true。
 bool exportSliceDat(vtkImageData* slice, const std::string& path);
 

src/app/main.cpp

@@ -545,8 +545,8 @@ void buildWorkbench(QMainWindow& window, geopro::data::LocalSampleRepository& re
                 const std::string savedSliceId = interactionMgr->selectedSliceDsId();
                 anomalyDrawTool->start(
                     mode, o, normal,
-                    [&window, &cmdRepo, &nav, sceneView, scene3dRepo, renderWindowPtr, refreshAnomalies,
+                    [&window, &cmdRepo, &nav, interactionMgr, sceneView, scene3dRepo, renderWindowPtr,
-                     refreshAnalysis, volId, savedSliceId, normal, o, p1, p2,
+                     refreshAnomalies, refreshAnalysis, volId, savedSliceId, normal, o, p1, p2,
                      shape](const std::vector<ri::Vec3>& worldPts) {
                         // 草稿异常：先临时渲染（让用户在对话框前看到所画，且截图含异常）。
                         geopro::core::Anomaly a;
@@ -563,12 +563,21 @@ void buildWorkbench(QMainWindow& window, geopro::data::LocalSampleRepository& re
                         a.id = draftId;
                         sceneView->addAnomaly(a);
                         renderWindowPtr->Render();
-                        // 截图（含异常）→ 临时文件。
                         const QString shot =
                             QDir(QDir::tempPath()).filePath(QStringLiteral("geopro_anomaly_shot.png"));
                         int sw = 0, sh = 0;
-                        // 相机重构图(方案A)：框住圈定 worldPts 外扩区域(异常居中带语境)；
+                        // 截图(正确做法)：只从切片那张 2D 剖面彩图、按异常几何向外缓冲一圈裁剪(GIS buffer+掩膜)。
-                        //   点/共面退化用切片尺寸兜底框景半径。
+                        std::vector<std::array<double, 3>> wpts;
+                        wpts.reserve(worldPts.size());
+                        for (const auto& p : worldPts) wpts.push_back({p[0], p[1], p[2]});
+                        vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageData> sliceColor = interactionMgr->selectedSliceColorImage();
+                        const double oo[3] = {o[0], o[1], o[2]};
+                        const double pp1[3] = {p1[0], p1[1], p1[2]};
+                        const double pp2[3] = {p2[0], p2[1], p2[2]};
+                        bool shotOk = sliceColor && geopro::app::captureAnomalyShotFromSlice(
+                                                        sliceColor, oo, pp1, pp2, wpts, shape,
+                                                        a.lineColor, shot.toStdString(), sw, sh);
+                        if (!shotOk) {  // 回退：无切片图时退回相机框景(整窗外扩)，至少有图。
                             double rb[6] = {worldPts[0][0], worldPts[0][0], worldPts[0][1],
                                             worldPts[0][1], worldPts[0][2], worldPts[0][2]};
                             for (const auto& p : worldPts) {
@@ -581,9 +590,10 @@ void buildWorkbench(QMainWindow& window, geopro::data::LocalSampleRepository& re
                             };
                             const double e1 = vlen(p1[0] - o[0], p1[1] - o[1], p1[2] - o[2]);
                             const double e2 = vlen(p2[0] - o[0], p2[1] - o[1], p2[2] - o[2]);
-                        const double minExt = 0.25 * std::min(e1, e2);  // 点/线退化框景半径
+                            const double minExt = 0.25 * std::min(e1, e2);
                             geopro::app::captureFramedRegionPng(renderWindowPtr, rb, 1.4, minExt,
                                                                 shot.toStdString(), sw, sh);
+                        }
                         // 异常类型按标注形态(shape=1点/2线/3面)拉对应平台类型，与平台一致。
                         geopro::app::AnomalySaveDialog dlg(shot, sw, sh, &cmdRepo,
                                                            nav.currentProjectId(), shape, &window);

src/render/actors/AnomalyActor.cpp

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ namespace {
 // 虚线点画图案(16 位)与重复因子；dashed 异常用。
 constexpr int kDashPattern = 0xF0F0;
 constexpr int kDashRepeat = 1;
-// Point 型异常的方块点像素边长。
+// Point 型异常的小球像素直径（RenderPointsAsSpheres 下为球径）。
-constexpr float kPointSize = 8.0F;
+constexpr float kPointSize = 13.0F;
 
 // 把一个异常的 localPts 灌入 points（x, -y, 0：深度取负，与 #18 同坐标系）。
 void fillPoints2D(vtkPoints* points, const geopro::core::Anomaly& a)
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> buildActor(vtkPoints* points, std::size_t n,
     actor->GetProperty()->SetColor(c.r / 255.0, c.g / 255.0, c.b / 255.0);
     if (asPoints) {
         actor->GetProperty()->SetPointSize(kPointSize);
+        actor->GetProperty()->SetRenderPointsAsSpheres(true);  // 点异常渲染为小球(非扁平方点)
     } else {
         actor->GetProperty()->SetLineWidth(a.lineWidth > 0.0 ? a.lineWidth : 1.0);
         if (a.dashed) {

src/render/interact/AnomalyDrawTool.cpp

@@ -169,7 +169,8 @@ void AnomalyDrawTool::updatePreview() {
     preview_->SetMapper(mapper);
     preview_->GetProperty()->SetColor(1.0, 0.9, 0.0);  // 亮黄
     preview_->GetProperty()->SetLineWidth(2.0);
-    preview_->GetProperty()->SetPointSize(9.0);  // 醒目圆点
+    preview_->GetProperty()->SetPointSize(mode_ == DrawMode::Point ? 16.0 : 9.0);  // 点模式更醒目
+    preview_->GetProperty()->SetRenderPointsAsSpheres(true);  // 顶点渲染为小球(图钉感)
     renderer_->AddActor(preview_);
     interactor_->Render();
 }
@@ -178,7 +179,8 @@ void AnomalyDrawTool::updateRubber() {
     if (!renderer_) return;
     if (rubber_) renderer_->RemoveViewProp(rubber_);
     rubber_ = nullptr;
-    if (pts_.empty() || !hasCursor_) {
+    // 点模式：单点标注，不拉末点→光标的橡皮筋线（否则点完还甩出一条线，用户反馈）。
+    if (mode_ == DrawMode::Point || pts_.empty() || !hasCursor_) {
         if (interactor_) interactor_->Render();
         return;
     }